TOP. ESP. EM GEOQUíMICA III: IMPORTANCE AND CURRENT METHODS USED TO DETERMINE CARBON STOCKS AND FLUX RATES WITHIN BLUE CARBON SYSTEMS

Nome da Disciplina: TOP. ESP. EM GEOQUíMICA III: IMPORTANCE AND CURRENT METHODS USED TO DETERMINE CARBON STOCKS AND FLUX RATES WITHIN BLUE CARBON SYSTEMS

Carga Horária: 60

Créditos: 4

Obrigatória: Não

- The importance of blue carbon systems in naturally mitigating anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions through carbon burial and the importance of blue carbon systems in building sediment in pace with sea level rise. Coastal wetlands provide significant environmental, economic and climatic benefits through their long-term equilibrium between soil accretion and relative sea level rise. Here we will show will explore how soil accretion in coastal wetlands occurs through the net addition of mineral and/or organic sources of material. We will discuss amylases that show that organic accretion can include the in situ production, including of aboveground, root biomass and benthic algae as well as contributions of allochthonous material from marine or terrestrial sources. - Current methods used to determine carbon stocks and flux rates coastal areas. Many of the methods to be covered during the lectures are novel and requires specific skills to use the measure fluxes within blue carbon systems. We discuss using a combination of novel and well-established mangrove sediment dating methods that range from several months (7Be and 234Th), decades (239+240Pu and 137Cs), centennial (210Pb) as well as millennial (14C) timescales. Radon and radium radioisotopes tracers will be discussed on how they are used to quantify dissolve carbon export rates. Furthermore, we will discuss how to calculate the atmospheric greenhouse gas fluxes using novel instruments currently being used by the blue carbon community. By combining these approaches with primary production estimates, we will show how to establish the net flux of carbon from tidal export to the ocean and to the atmosphere, giving well-rounded mangrove carbon budgets - We will also discuss how pollution attenuation rates form the coastal vegetation may be assessed using the above methodologies. Further, we will review Australian initiatives and how blue carbon is a fundamental in how Australia is able climate change initiatives as outlined in its commitment to reach the International Climate Change initiatives. The debriefing will enable the students to revise have been familiarized with each critical element of the data acquisition chain, and hence develop an appreciation for its strengths and weaknesses. This summer school proposal is open to sharing classes with other researchers participating in the FEEDBACKS Project. Proposed field trip: Student field work will take place along three transects along the coast of a bay along Rio de Janeiro region. Each student will undertake soil sample (12 cores) to determine the carbon stock along a gradient of urbanization impact. During this field trip, the students will collect sediment cores and measure soil depth a georeferenced location within these two blue carbon regions. Samples will be collected within mangrove forest, saltmarsh and any other vegetated coastal habitat which may be considered a blue carbon system.